Homeostasis in Networks with Multiple Input Nodes and Robustness in Bacterial Chemotaxis

A biological system achieves homeostasis when there is a regulated quantity that maintained within narrow range of values. Here, we consider as phenomenon network dynamics. In this context, improve general theory for the analysis in dynamical systems with distinguished input and output nodes, called ‘input–output networks.’ The allows one to define ‘homeostasis types’ given ‘model independent’ fashion, sense classification depends on topology rather than specific model equations. Each type’ represents possible mechanism generating associated suitable ‘subnetwork motif’ original . Our contribution an extension case networks multiple nodes. To showcase our theory, apply it bacterial chemotaxis, paradigm biochemical systems. By considering representative Escherichia coli verify corresponding abstract has Thus showing inclusion important class models were previously out reach. Moreover, from point view, occurrence studied caused by new mechanism, counterweight homeostasis. This was discovered course investigation generated balancing between several nodes network—therefore, requires existence at least two occur. Finally, framework developed here formalize notion ‘robustness’ based concept ‘genericity’ We discuss how kind robustness appears chemotaxis model.